- Un millón 400 mil empleos formales se generarán con el jornal agropecuario
- 700 mil empleados domésticos se formalizarán con la aprobación del proyecto de ley
- Las aplicaciones de reparto destinarán al sector formal cerca de 200 mil trabajadores y trabajadoras
Bogotá, 20, feb./2024.- El proyecto de ley de reforma laboral que avanza en el Congreso de la República tiene como objetivo la recuperación de garantías, derechos y beneficios laborales perdidos con reformas anteriores, así como en la formalización y protección del empleo, lo cual tendrá un impacto significativo en la generación de empleo formal, digno y decente.
Para la ministra del Trabajo, Gloria Inés Ramírez Ríos, este proyecto de ley se debe visibilizar desde tres perspectivas: impacto en la productividad, formalización laboral y estabilidad en el empleo.
“Con la reforma laboral vamos a formalizar en una primera etapa, a cerca de 2 millones 500 mil trabajadores y trabajadoras de sectores como el rural, plataformas de reparto y por su puesto, el sector de las y los trabajadores domésticos que históricamente han sido precarizados. Adicionalmente, con en el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo, tenemos como meta la generación de 1 millón 700 mil empleos en este cuatrienio, gracias a los programas de fomento para la generación de nuevos empleos y a la proyección del fortalecimiento de la asociatividad como motor de desarrollo”, aseguró la ministra del Trabajo, Gloria Inés Ramírez Ríos.
La Ley 789 de 2002 se impulsó con el objetivo de crear 160 mil empleos por año, es decir, 640 mil durante los cuatro años, para lo cual en ese momento se realizó un importante recorte de derechos económicos y laborales. Por ejemplo, modificó el artículo 160 del Código Sustantivo del Trabajo, en el sentido que el trabajo diurno es el comprendido entre las 6:00 a.m. y las 10:00 p.m., y el trabajo nocturno, entre las 10:00 p.m y las 6:00 a.m. Con esta ley se redujo también drásticamente el porcentaje de recargo por trabajo dominical y festivo del 100% al 75% sobre el salario ordinario, medida que generó una disminución de los ingresos de las y los trabajadores que laboraban un domingo o un festivo.
“De acuerdo al balance realizado por nuestros técnicos del Ministerio del Trabajo, por la reducción de la jornada nocturna y el recargo dominical, solamente entre enero del 2003 y julio del 2017, 1,63 millones de trabajadores y trabajadoras dejaron de recibir 1.8 billones anuales. Las reformas implementadas con el pretexto de incrementar el empleo, normalizaron la desprotección y precarización de las y los trabajadores a través de la contratación por prestación de servicios, los despidos sin justa causa con indemnizaciones no equiparables a las afectaciones”, explicó la jefa de la cartera laboral.
El proyecto de reforma laboral además, crea figuras como la cotización a tiempo parcial que permite la laboralidad de sectores con flexibilidad horaria e intermitencia, temporalidad y jornadas parciales en sus vinculaciones, con la finalidad de posibilitar su ingreso al sistema pensional como cotizantes, transitando así, hacia un país de derechos que respondan ante las contingencias de vejez, invalidez y muerte.
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